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AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9n7lPbIaBjyriOAncLkj6apDWZutrqGNFyLBNpCF619BE3L7xzzlvpCgiQyvEJHdIgZ92KC0q2TCSLEbDVxV2MBLXQp32ZVnTw7J4HZDm0WWVsScp3inHwDYqOA8Rx7KQ88_fuDIDPok/s1600/Sampul-Audit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img alt="AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9n7lPbIaBjyriOAncLkj6apDWZutrqGNFyLBNpCF619BE3L7xzzlvpCgiQyvEJHdIgZ92KC0q2TCSLEbDVxV2MBLXQp32ZVnTw7J4HZDm0WWVsScp3inHwDYqOA8Rx7KQ88_fuDIDPok/s320/Sampul-Audit.jpg" title="AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com" width="223" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">B.com Part 1 Guess Papers,B.com Part 1 Audit Guess Paper,B.com auditing,B.com auditing guess papers,2013 B.com auditing,online guess B.com auditing,online auditing 2013,auditing guess papers,free guess papers of audit,B.com Part 2 Audit guess papers,Punjab University Audit Guess Paper,2013 Punjab University Audit Guess,B.com Part 2 Guess papers</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Follow are important question for upcoming paper of auditing on 24 june 2013. don't take them light major part of your paper is given below.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">1. What do you understand by Auditing? How does Auditing differ from Accountancy?</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">2. “An Auditor is a watch-dog not a bloodhound.” Explain this statement.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">3. Define vouching and explain its importance.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">4. Distinguish between internal check and internal audit. Point out the auditor’s duty regarding internal check.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">5. What is meant by the term verification? Give the objects and importance of verification.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">6. What is secret reserve? How is it created? Explain the duties of an auditor in this respect.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">7. Discuss in detail the liabilities of a company auditor.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">8. What is Statutory Report? How would you audit the same?</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">9. How would you conduct the audit of a banking company?</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">10. Write short notes on any two of the following :</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">(a)Qualities of a successful auditor</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">(b)Depreciation</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">(c)Investigation</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">(d)Audit programme.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Also see them</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">1) Define auditing and describe its objectives.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">2) Define investigation and distinguish it with auditing.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">3) Describe the rights and duties of an auditor.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">4) What are various types of audit?</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">5) What are audit work papers? What are their purposes? What are the usual contents</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">of audit work papers?</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">6) Define audit techniques, name them and explain any five of them.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">7) What is meant by evidence in auditing? Name the various types of audit evidence.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">8) Write a detailed note on audit program.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">9) Distinguish between financial audit and cost audit.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">10)What points should be considered while auditing the annual accounts of a hotel &</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">restaurant, Banks, Doctors, Educational institutions, charitable institutions.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">11)What are divisible profits? What should be the guiding principles in determining the</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">divisible profits?</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">12) Explain the importance of an accurate valuation of inventories and list steps for the</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">verification of inventories.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">13)Define fraud and explain types of fraud.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">14)Write detailed notes on internal control, internal audit and cost audit.</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">15)Audit report (qualified and unqualified)</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">16) Income tax short notes:</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">A. Total income</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">B. Income year</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">C. Sales tax</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">D. Income tax authorities</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">E. Powers of income tax officers</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">F. Tax payers</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">G. Central board of revenue (cbr)</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">H. Registered firm</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">I. Persons</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">J. Assessment year</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">K. Appellate tribunal</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">L. Assessee</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">M. Casual income</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">N. Self assessment scheme</span><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"></div><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com

AUDITING 2013 Guess Paper IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Punjab University B.com B.com Part 1 Guess Papers,B.com Part 1 Audit Guess Paper,B.com auditin...

20 things you didn't know about Windows XP

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">                                <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIASVEOeggkHiGdtE7tT3F1eY6tFqExqRc4kTmdtK9_uftQ1olQUSJFZjwZ5tNC0_iSBasr0UBXt4fjaMvjOmqMSuoCdbFqeV8BWt4Aifx1bDHGnG6jN4LgRG8nNUjz_7tNEErCIyR5qc/s1600/400933_180755568755181_1056360425_n.jpg"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIASVEOeggkHiGdtE7tT3F1eY6tFqExqRc4kTmdtK9_uftQ1olQUSJFZjwZ5tNC0_iSBasr0UBXt4fjaMvjOmqMSuoCdbFqeV8BWt4Aifx1bDHGnG6jN4LgRG8nNUjz_7tNEErCIyR5qc/s1600/400933_180755568755181_1056360425_n.jpg" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span> <br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">20 things you didn't know about Windows XP</span></b></span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">You've read the reviews and digested the key feature enhancements and operational changes. Now it's time to delve a bit deeper and uncover some of <b>Windows XP's</b> secrets.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>1.</b> It boasts how long it can stay up. Whereas previous versions of Windows were coy about how long they went between boots, XP is positively proud of its stamina. Go to the Command Prompt in the Accessories menu from the All Programs start button option, and then type 'systeminfo'. The computer will produce a lot of useful info, including the uptime. If you want to keep these, type 'system info > info.txt'. This creates a file called info.txt you can look at later with Notepad. (Professional Edition only).</span></div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b> <b>2.</b> You can delete files immediately, without having them move to the Recycle Bin first. Go to the Start menu, select Run... and type 'gpedit.msc'; then select User Configuration, Administrative Templates, Windows Components, Windows Explorer and find the Do not move deleted files to the Recycle Bin setting. Set it. Poking around in gpedit will reveal a great many interface and system options, but take care -- some may stop your computer behaving as you wish. (Professional Edition only).</span></span></div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>3.</b> You can lock your XP workstation with two clicks of the mouse. Create a new shortcut on your desktop using a right mouse click, and enter 'rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation' in the location field. Give the shortcut a name you like. That's it -- just double click on it and your computer will be locked. And if that's not easy enough, Windows key + L will do the same.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>4.</b> XP hides some system software you might want to remove, such as Windows Messenger, but you can tickle it and make it disgorge everything. Using Notepad or Edit, edit the text file /windows/inf/sysoc.inf, search for the word 'hide' and remove it. You can then go to the Add or Remove Programs in the Control Panel, select Add/Remove Windows Components and there will be your prey, exposed and vulnerable.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>5.</b> For those skilled in the art of DOS batch files, XP has a number of interesting new commands. These include 'eventcreate' and 'eventtriggers' for creating and watching system events, 'typeperf' for monitoring performance of various subsystems, and 'schtasks' for handling scheduled tasks. As usual, typing the command name followed by /? will give a list of options -- they're all far too baroque to go into here.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>6.</b> XP has IP version 6 support -- the next generation of IP. Unfortunately this is more than your ISP has, so you can only experiment with this on your LAN. Type 'ipv6 install' into Run... (it's OK, it won't ruin your existing network setup) and then 'ipv6 /?' at the command line to find out more. If you don't know what IPv6 is, don't worry and don't bother.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>7.</b> You can at last get rid of tasks on the computer from the command line by using 'taskkill /pid' and the task number, or just 'tskill' and the process number. Find that out by typing 'tasklist', which will also tell you a lot about what's going on in your system.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>8.</b> XP will treat Zip files like folders, which is nice if you've got a fast machine. On slower machines, you can make XP leave zip files well alone by typing 'regsvr32 /u zipfldr.dll' at the command line. If you change your mind later, you can put things back as they were by typing 'regsvr32 zipfldr.dll'.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: left;"><b><br /></b> <b>9.</b> XP has ClearType -- Microsoft's anti-aliasing font display technology -- but doesn't have it enabled by default. It's well worth trying, especially if you were there for DOS and all those years of staring at a screen have given you the eyes of an astigmatic bat. To enable ClearType, right click on the desktop, select Properties, Appearance, Effects, select ClearType from the second drop-down menu and enable the selection. Expect best results on laptop displays. If you want to use ClearType on the Welcome login screen as well, set the registry entry HKEY_USERS/.DEFAULT/Control Panel/Desktop/FontSmoothingType to 2.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>10.</b> You can use Remote Assistance to help a friend who's using network address translation (NAT) on a home network, but not automatically. Get your pal to email you a Remote Assistance invitation and edit the file. Under the RCTICKET attribute will be a NAT IP address, like 192.168.1.10. Replace this with your chum's real IP address -- they can find this out by going to www.whatismyip.com -- and get them to make sure that they've got port 3389 open on their firewall and forwarded to the errant computer.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>11.</b> You can run a program as a different user without logging out and back in again. Right click the icon, select Run As... and enter the user name and password you want to use. This only applies for that run. The trick is particularly useful if you need to have administrative permissions to install a program, which many require. Note that you can have some fun by running programs multiple times on the same system as different users, but this can have unforeseen effects.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: left;"><b><br /></b> <b>12.</b> Windows XP can be very insistent about you checking for auto updates, registering a Passport, using Windows Messenger and so on. After a while, the nagging goes away, but if you feel you might slip the bonds of sanity before that point, run Regedit, go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/Microsoft/Windows/Current Version/Explorer/Advanced and create a DWORD value called EnableBalloonTips with a value of 0.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>13.</b> You can start up without needing to enter a user name or password. Select Run... from the start menu and type 'control userpasswords2', which will open the user accounts application. On the Users tab, clear the box for Users Must Enter A User Name And Password To Use This Computer, and click on OK. An Automatically Log On dialog box will appear; enter the user name and password for the account you want to use.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>14.</b> Internet Explorer 6 will automatically delete temporary files, but only if you tell it to. Start the browser, select Tools / Internet Options... and Advanced, go down to the Security area and check the box to Empty Temporary Internet Files folder when browser is closed.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>15. </b>XP comes with a free Network Activity Light, just in case you can't see the LEDs twinkle on your network card. Right click on My Network Places on the desktop, then select Properties. Right click on the description for your LAN or dial-up connection, select Properties, then check the Show icon in notification area when connected box. You'll now see a tiny network icon on the right of your task bar that glimmers nicely during network traffic.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>16.</b> The Start Menu can be leisurely when it decides to appear, but you can speed things along by changing the registry entry HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Control Panel/Desktop/MenuShowDelay from the default 400 to something a little snappier. Like 0.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>17.</b> You can rename loads of files at once in Windows Explorer. Highlight a set of files in a window, then right click on one and rename it. All the other files will be renamed to that name, with individual numbers in brackets to distinguish them. Also, in a folder you can arrange icons in alpha betised groups by View, Arrange Icon By... Show In Groups.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>18.</b> Windows Media Player will display the cover art for albums as it plays the tracks -- if it found the picture on the Internet when you copied the tracks from the CD. If it didn't, or if you have lots of pre-WMP music files, you can put your own copy of the cover art in the same directory as the tracks. Just call it folder.jpg and Windows Media Player will pick it up and display it.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>19.</b> Windows key + Break brings up the System Properties dialogue box; Windows key + D brings up the desktop; Windows key + Tab moves through the taskbar buttons.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><br /></b> <b>20.</b> The next release of Windows XP was code named Longhorn.<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div></div></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"></div><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

20 things you didn't know about Windows XP

20 things you didn't know about Windows XP You've read the reviews and digested the key feature e...

10 mistakes every programmer makes

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>10 mistakes every programmer makes</b></span><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div></div><script type="text/javascript"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script><br /></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Consider the systems that will be running your code to avoid performance issues further down the line.When you start programming, you get disillusioned quickly. No longer is the computer the allinfallible perfect machine – "do as I mean, not as I say" becomes a frequent cry. At night, when the blasted hobgoblins finally go to bed, you lie there and ruminate on the errors you made that day, and they're worse than any horror movie. So when the editor ofPC Plus asked me to write this article, I reacted with both fear and knowing obedience. I was confident that I could dash this off in a couple of hours and nip down to the pub without the usual resultant night terrors. The problem with such a request is, well, which language are we talking about?</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">I can't just trot out the top 10 mistakes you could make in C#, Delphi, JavaScript or whatever – somehow my top ten list has to encompass every language. Suddenly, the task seemed more difficult. The hobgoblins started cackling in my head. Nevertheless, here goes…</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>1. Writing for the compiler, not for people</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">When they use a compiler to create their applications, people tend to forget that the verbose grammar and syntax required to make programming easier is tossed aside in the process of converting prose to machine code. </span>A compiler doesn't care if you use a single-letter identifier or a more human-readable one. The compiler doesn't care if you write optimised expressions or whether you envelop sub-expressions with parentheses. It takes your human-readable code, parses it into abstract syntax trees and converts those trees into machine code, or some kind of intermediate language. Your names are by then history. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">So why not use more readable or semantically significant identifiers than just i, j or x? These days, the extra time you would spend waiting for the compiler to complete translating longer identifiers is minuscule. However, the much-reduced time it takes you or another programmer to read your source code when the code is expressly written to be self-explanatory, to be more easily understandable, is quite remarkable. Another similar point: you may have memorised the operator precedence to such a level that you can omit needless parentheses in your expressions, but consider the next programmer to look at your code. Does he? Will he know the precedence of operators in some other language better than this one and thereby misread your code and make invalid assumptions about how it works? Personally, I assume that everyone knows that multiplication (or division) is done before addition and subtraction, but that's about it. Anything else in an expression and I throw in parentheses to make sure that I'm writing what I intend to write, and that other people will read what I intended to say. The compiler just doesn't care. Studies have shown that the proportion of some code's lifecycle spent being maintained is easily five times more than was spent initially writing it. It makes sense to write your code for someone else to read and understand.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>2. Writing big routines</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Back when I was starting out, there was a rule of thumb where I worked that routines should never be longer than one printed page of fan-fold paper – and that included the comment box at the top that was fashionable back then. Since then, and especially in the past few years, methods tend to be much smaller – merely a few lines of code. </span>In essence, just enough code that you can grasp its significance and understand it in a short time. Long methods are frowned upon and tend to be broken up. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The reason is extremely simple: long methods are hard to understand and therefore hard to maintain. They're also hard to test properly. If you consider that testing is a function of the number of possible paths through a method, the longer the method, the more tests you'll have to write and the more involved those tests will have to be. There's actually a pretty good measurement you can make of your code that indicates how complex it is, and therefore how probable it is to have bugs – the cyclomatic complexity. Developed by Thomas J. McCabe Sr in 1976, cyclomatic complexity has a big equation linked to it if you're going to run through it properly, but there's an easy, basic method you can use on the fly. Just count the number of 'if' statements and loops in your code. Add 1 and this is the CC value of the method. It's a rough count of the number of execution paths through the code. If your method has a value greater than 10, I'd recommend you rewrite it.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>3. Premature optimisation</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">This one's simple. When we write code, sometimes we have a niggling devil on our shoulder pointing out that this clever code would be a bit faster than the code you just wrote. Ignore the fact that the clever code is harder to read or harder to comprehend; you're shaving off milliseconds from this loop. This is known as premature optimisation. The famous computer scientist Donald Knuth said, "We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97 per cent of the time: premature optimisation is the root of all evil." In other words: write your code clearly and cleanly, then profile to find out where the real bottlenecks are and optimise them. Don't try to guess beforehand.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>4. Using global variables</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Back when I started, lots of languages had no concept of local variables at all and so I was forced to use global variables. Subroutines were available and encouraged but you couldn't declare a variable just for use within that routine – you had to use one that was visible from all your code. Still, they're so enticing, you almost feel as if you're being green and environmentally conscious by using them. You only declare them once, and use them all over the place, so it seems you're saving all that precious memory. But it's that "using all over the place" that trips you up. The great thing about global variables is that they're visible everywhere. This is also the worst thing about global variables: you have no way of controlling who changes it or when the variable is accessed. Assume a global has a particular value before a call to a routine and it may be different after you get control back and you don't notice.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Of course, once people had worked out that globals were bad, something came along with a different name that was really a global variable in a different guise. This was the singleton, an object that's supposed to represent something of which there can only be one in a given program. A classic example, perhaps, is an object that contains information about your program's window, its position on the screen, its size, its caption and the like. The main problem with the singleton object is testability. Because they are global objects, they're created when first used, and destroyed only when the program itself terminates. This persistence makes them extremely difficult to test. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Later tests will be written implicitly assuming that previous tests have been run, which set up the internal state of the singleton. Another problem is that a singleton is a complex global object, a reference to which is passed around your program's code. Your code is now dependent on some other class. Worse than that, it's coupled to that singleton. In testing, you would have to use that singleton. Your tests would then become dependent on its state, much as the problem you had in testing the singleton in the first place. So, don't use globals and avoid singletons.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>5. Not making estimates</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">You're just about to write an application. You're so excited about it that you just go ahead and start designing and writing it. You release and suddenly you're beset with performance issues, or out-of-memory problems. Further investigations show that, although your design works well with small number of users, or records, or items, it does not scale – think of the early days of Twitter for a good example. Or it works great on your super-duper developer 3GHz PC with 8GB of RAM and an SSD, but on a run-of-the-mill PC, it's slower than a Greenland glacier in January. Part of your design process should have been some estimates, some back-back-of- the-envelope calculations. How many simultaneous users are you going to cater for? How many records? What response time are you targeting? Try to provide estimates to these types of questions and you'll be able to make further decisions about techniques you can build into your application, such as different algorithms or caching. Don't run pell-mell into development – take some time to estimate your goals.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>6. Off by one</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">This mistake is made by everyone, regularly, all the time. It's writing a loop with an index in such a way that the index incremented once too often or once too little. Consequently, the loop is traversed an incorrect number of times.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">If the code in the loop is visiting elements of an array one by one, a non-existent element of the array may be accessed – or, worse, written to – or an element may be missed altogether. One reason why you might get an off-by one error is forgetting whether indexes for array elements are zero-based or one-based. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Some languages even have cases where some object is zero-based and others where the assumption is one-based. There are so many variants of this kind of error that modern languages or their runtimes have features such as 'foreach loops' to avoid the need to count through elements of an array or list. Others use functional programming techniques called map, reduce and filter to avoid the need to iterate over collections. Use modern 'functional' loops rather than iterative loops.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>7. Suppressing exceptions</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Modern languages use an exception system as an error-reporting technique, rather than the old traditional passing and checking of error numbers. The language incorporates new keywords to dispatch and trap exceptions, using names such as throw, try, finally and catch. The remarkable thing about exceptions is their ability to unwind the stack, automatically returning from nested routines until the exception is trapped and dealt with. No longer do you have to check for error conditions, making your code into a morass of error tests. All in all, exceptions make for more robust software, providing that they're used properly. Catch is the interesting one: it allows you to trap an exception that was thrown and perform some kind of action based upon the type of the exception. The biggest mistakes programmers make with exceptions are twofold. The first is that the programmer is not specific enough in the type of exception they catch. Catching too general an exception type means that they may be inadvertently dealing with particular exceptions that would be best left to other code, higher up the call chain. Those exceptions would, in effect, be suppressed and possibly lost. The second mistake is more pernicious: the programmer doesn't want any exceptions leaving their code and so catches them all and ignores them. This is known as the empty catch block. They may think, for example, that only certain types of exceptions might be thrown in his code; ones that they could justifiably ignore. In reality, other deadly runtime exceptions could happen – things such as out-of-memory exceptions, invalid code exceptions and the like, for which the program shouldn't continue running at all. Tune your exception catch blocks to be as specific as possible.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>8. Storing secrets in plain text</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">A long time ago, I worked in a bank. We purchased a new computer system for the back office to manage some kind of workflow dealing with bond settlements. Part of my job was to check this system to see whether it worked as described and whether it was foolproof. After all, it dealt with millions of pounds daily and then, as now, a company is more likely to be defrauded by an employee than an outsider. After 15 minutes with a rudimentary hex editor, I'd found the administrator's password stored in plain text. Data security is one of those topics that deserves more coverage than I can justifiably provide here, but you should never, ever store passwords in plain text. The standard for passwords is to store the salted hash of the original password, and then do the same salting and hashing of an entered password to see if they match.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Here's a handy hint: if a website promises to email you your original password should you forget it, walk away from the site. This is a huge security issue. One day that site will be hacked. You'll read about how many logins were compromised, and you'll swallow hard and feel the panic rising. Don't be one of the people whose information has been compromised and, equally, don't store passwords or other 'secrets' in plain text in your apps.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>9. Not validating user input</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">In the good old days, our programs were run by individuals, one at a time. We grew complacent about user input: after all, if the program crashed, only one person would be inconvenienced – the one user of the program at that time. Our input validation was limited to number validation, or date checking, or other kinds of verification of input. Text input tended not to be validated particularly. Then came the web. Suddenly your program is being used all over the world and you've lost that connection with the user. Malicious users could be entering data into your program with the express intent of trying to take over your application or your servers. A whole crop of devious new attacks were devised that took advantage of the lack of checking of user input. The most famous one is SQL injection, although unsanitised user input could precipitate an XSS attack (crosssite scripting) through markup injection.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Both types rely on the user providing, as part of normal form input, some text that contains either SQL or HTML fragments. If the application does not validate the user input, it may just use it as is and either cause some hacked SQl to execute, or some hacked HTML/JavaScript to be produced. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This in turn could crash the app or allow it to be taken over by the hacker. So, always assume the user is a hacker trying to crash or take over your application and validate or sanitise user input.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>10. Not being up to date</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">All of the previous mistakes have been covered in depth online and in various books. I haven't discovered anything new – they and others have been known for years. These days you have to work pretty hard to avoid coming into contact with various modern design and programming techniques. I'd say that not spending enough time becoming knowledgeable about programming – and maintaining that expertise – is in fact the biggest mistake that programmers make. They should be learning about techniques such as TDD or BDD, about what SLAP or SOLID means, about various agile techniques. These skills are of equal or greater importance than understanding how a loop is written in your language of choice. So don't be like them: read McConnell and Beck and Martin and Jeffries and the Gang of Four and Fowler and Hunt & Thomas and so on. Make sure you stay up to date with the art and practice of programming.</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">And that concludes my top 10 list of mistakes programmers make, no matter what their language stripe. There are others, to be sure, perhaps more disastrous than mine, but I would say that their degree of dread is proportional to the consequences of making them. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">All of the above were pretty dire for me the last time I made them. If you have further suggestions or calamities of your own, don't hesitate to contact me and let me know.</span></div></span>

10 mistakes every programmer makes

10 mistakes every programmer makes --> Consider the systems that will be running your code to avoid performance issues further down the l...

Why Facebook, Twitter and google using Blue Logo??

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">                              </span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdsJgwyRB1zdbdISf5KUJhbtw2vDgLQ0sO7I7J8Rq-DCkQnHDb6f4oHFNmLBPd45HrvayZdxW_cffR3oQRcF_QCs-V5NjccIfC_I2lwta4K9Ijii7kSE7F_2iHGtNuP8zyKuElDMCdUmgS/s1600/387841_455834911130139_1626652213_n.jpg" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdsJgwyRB1zdbdISf5KUJhbtw2vDgLQ0sO7I7J8Rq-DCkQnHDb6f4oHFNmLBPd45HrvayZdxW_cffR3oQRcF_QCs-V5NjccIfC_I2lwta4K9Ijii7kSE7F_2iHGtNuP8zyKuElDMCdUmgS/s320/387841_455834911130139_1626652213_n.jpg" /></a></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Question for Programmers </span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Why is Facebook Blue in Color??????</b></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">Facebook has gone through some major redesigns in the past few years but one part that has more or less stayed the same in all those years is the site’s blue color. <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Everything is so blue about Facebook right from the sign-up page to the logo, their mobile app and even the site pop-ups that have shades of blue. Why?</span></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">A <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">New Yorker</span> story on Mark Zuckerberg explains why Facebook is all blue in color. It says the young Facebook founder is color blind but can see blue:</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">"Colors don’t matter much to Zuckerberg; a few years ago, he took an online test and realized that he was red-green color-blind. Blue is Facebook’s dominant color, because, as he said, “blue is the richest color for me – I can see all of blue.”</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Answer.</b></div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">i)Colors don’t matter much to Zuckerberg; a few years ago, he took an online test and realized that he was red-green color-blind. Blue is Facebook’s dominant color, because, as he said, “blue is the richest color for me – I can see all of blue.”</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">"There were a lot of different color iterations," Kedar says. "We ended up with the primary colors, but instead of having the pattern go in order, we put a secondary color on the L, which brought back the idea that Google doesn't follow the rules."</div></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">(from an interview with Ruth Kedar by WIRED writer Sonia Zjawinski)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">ii)Blue color doesn't strain your eyes, for example in any of your text documents turn background color to blue and read the matter in it. and do the same with any other colors. you will feel the difference.<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"></div><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

Why Facebook, Twitter and google using Blue Logo??

Question for Programmers Why is Facebook Blue in Color?????? Facebook has gone through some major redesigns...

How to Block Websites Without Software

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>How to Block Websites Without Software</b><br />Lets assume you need to block certain sites like Facebook, Orkut or any other site. We will Block certain Websites without using any software. We will directly edit the hosts file in windows, which will help us to Block any site. </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br /><div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1. Navigate to C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /><br />                     <img height="146" src="http://www.csepedia.com/Images/block_website.jpg" width="400" /><br /><br />2. Open hosts file with any Text Editor (Open with Notepad).<br /><br />                      <img height="219" src="http://www.csepedia.com/Images/block_website2.jpg" width="400" /><br /><br />You will see these two lines in the file 127.0.0.1 localhost  127.0.0.1 localhost</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Now Append the Second line with 127.0.0.2 and the website address you want to block.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /><br />For Example<br /><br />                    <img height="234" src="http://www.csepedia.com/Images/block_website4.jpg" width="400" /><br /><br />We have changed the Second Line as 127.0.0.2 www.google.com <br /><br />3. Now Save the hosts File and Restart your Computer.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Now Open Google in any Browser, See It is Blocked on you Computer.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /><br />                     <img height="183" src="http://www.csepedia.com/Images/block_website3.jpg" width="400" /><br /><br />You can Block multiple websites by changing hosts file </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For Example :-  127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.2 www.google.com  127.0.0.3 www.yahoo.com 127.0.0.4 www.facebook.com</span><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"></div><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

How to Block Websites Without Software

How to Block Websites Without Software Lets assume you need to block certain sites like Facebook, Orkut or any other site. We will Block cer...

Submit your Website/Blog to 3,000+ places for FREE!

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnhK0OQ2_yOrVaATfxjAkfoCwLp05xOj6Mx4zf0bWnt5EZz0ymNYhZzi5LHNV3p8NmZGOtv9V5laOe7oz9KJm2oduwjRHlTjhOiyCf8dv7r3RCNMLpk25IUQlJuht2vJXsUFm28mooyBA/s1600/website-traffic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="increase web traffic" border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnhK0OQ2_yOrVaATfxjAkfoCwLp05xOj6Mx4zf0bWnt5EZz0ymNYhZzi5LHNV3p8NmZGOtv9V5laOe7oz9KJm2oduwjRHlTjhOiyCf8dv7r3RCNMLpk25IUQlJuht2vJXsUFm28mooyBA/s320/website-traffic.jpg" title="increase traffic" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">If you have Blog/Website and want to boost up its <b>traffic</b> then this post for you. Today i am sharing with you a way to<b> <a href="http://anzaq1.blogspot.com/search/label/SEO">increase traffic</a>,</b>this post will teach you how to <b>submit blog/web to 3000+ search engine and directories</b> to get listed and to achieve high Page rank and also traffic forever. Just follow Steps given below and see results in a week.</span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><u>Steps to Submit Blog to 3000+ Places:</u></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Step 1:</b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imtalk.org/cmps_index.php?pageid=IMT-Website-Submitter" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Click here</a> to start submitting Blog to 3000+ Places.</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Now navigate to following section of opend page</span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHxJVJP7REdSJqIedQidE_OSuoyTLw3MFYGZWA0tFyWq1dfDMznXUeld0Ek2ZQRJ55RZ4pV7X-n6qqW6yoaOWp7N7WCrc17a6b5xcggbUvc7gBg8VobKhyXnpq9UdheGhdYVLjjB8mE1E/s1600/Screenshot_1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="imwebtalk traffic" border="0" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHxJVJP7REdSJqIedQidE_OSuoyTLw3MFYGZWA0tFyWq1dfDMznXUeld0Ek2ZQRJ55RZ4pV7X-n6qqW6yoaOWp7N7WCrc17a6b5xcggbUvc7gBg8VobKhyXnpq9UdheGhdYVLjjB8mE1E/s400/Screenshot_1.png" title="" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Step 2:</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enter you website in following format in First Box. like</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">http://www.<span style="color: red;">yourwebname</span>.com</span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Replace <span style="color: red;">yourwebname</span> with your blog/web</span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Step 3:</b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enter <b>keywords</b> of your blog.</span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Step 4:</b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Select <b>3005</b> from drop down menu and Click on <b>Submit</b>.</span></span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-cPnMHNarsZebOyN74WkclOphwtaZfCiQ89Sg6Dg4fxLgvrqROMDchGAo14Opzh0pMD7V708LwISpCMrd6lac_XD6xzZ6DysqFCVElj_j7IMc5_igAH1vnmSOWjqy_lYlKs5lDKunhE/s1600/Screenshot_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="websubmission to search engines" border="0" height="115" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-cPnMHNarsZebOyN74WkclOphwtaZfCiQ89Sg6Dg4fxLgvrqROMDchGAo14Opzh0pMD7V708LwISpCMrd6lac_XD6xzZ6DysqFCVElj_j7IMc5_igAH1vnmSOWjqy_lYlKs5lDKunhE/s400/Screenshot_2.png" title="" width="400" /></span></a></div><div id="”ad1″"><script type="text/javascript"></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Note:</b>Repeat this Step weekly to get 100% result</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span></div>

Submit your Website/Blog to 3,000+ places for FREE!

If you have Blog/Website and want to boost up its traffic then this post for you. Today i am sharing with you a way to increase traffic , ...

What is clickjacking?

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WxXcoeFcUxg/UaNYpPmOBlI/AAAAAAAABNg/c2eB_6xb6vk/s1600/clickjacking-1-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="clickjacking" border="0" height="260" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WxXcoeFcUxg/UaNYpPmOBlI/AAAAAAAABNg/c2eB_6xb6vk/s320/clickjacking-1-.jpg" title="clickjacking" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b>clickjacking</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Clickjacking is a technique used by hackers or spammers to trick or cheat the users into clicking on links or buttons that are hidden from normal view (usually links color is same as page background). Clickjacking is possible because of a security weakness in web browsers that allows web pages to be layered and hidden from general view. In this situation what happens is that You think that you are clicking on a standard button or link, like the PLAY button or download button on an video or some stuff, but you are really clicking on a hidden link. Since you can’t see the clickjacker’s hidden link, you have no idea what you’re really doing. You could be downloading malware or making all your Facebook information public without realizing it. Some good hackers make ajax keyloggers and put them as javascripts over their fake websites and when you open them they retrieve all your passwords stored in web browser and records whatever you type while the web browser is open and stores this information on their servers.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">There are several types of clickjacking but the most common is to hide a LIKE button under a dummy or fake button. This technique is called Likejacking. A scammer or hacker might trick you by saying that you like a product you’ve never heard. At first glance, likejacking sounds more annoying than harmful, but that’s not always true. If you’re scammed for liking Mark Zukenberg, the world isn’t likely to end. But you may be helping to spread spam or possibly sending Friends somewhere that contains malware.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">How It Work ?</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The like button is made hidden and it moves along with the mouse.So, wherever the user clicks, the like button is clicked and your fan page is </span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">liked.First download the JavaScript from the below download link.</span></div></div><div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.mediafire.com/download/5dc82p8v43k7683/fblike.rar" target="_blank">CLICK HERE  <--</a></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">After downloading the script extract all the files.Now modify the config.js and follow the below instructions.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1. Modify config.js file in "src" folder to change fan page URL and other things.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Comments are provided beside them to help you what they do exactly.</span></span></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2. There is a time out function after which the like button will not be present(move) anymore. </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">"time" if set to 0 will make it stay forever(which is usually not preferred).</span></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3. Set opacity to '0' before you run the script. Otherwise the like button will not be invisible </span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Properly set the var in the file if it is jumbled ?</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">After modifying the config.js script upload these scripts to javascript hosting website.I prefer yourjavascript you can also upload to some other website.</span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">How To Run The Script ?</span></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1. Add config.js just above head tag in your pages </span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"></span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><script language="javascript" src="src/config.js"> </script></span></div><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2. Add like.js after body tag in your pages</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><script language="javascript" src="src/like.js"> </script></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Remove src link with your uploaded link.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4. That's it. The script is ready to go.</span><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"></div><script src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

What is clickjacking?

clickjacking Clickjacking is a technique used by hackers or spammers to trick or cheat the users into clicking on links or buttons that are ...